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Absorption
Oral
Bioavailability is 10% to 20%. C max is 0.83 to 1.61 mcg/mL (200 to 800 mg at steady state).
IV
C max is 9.8 mcg/mL (5 mg/kg dose), 22.9 mcg/mL (10 mg/kg).
Topical
Systemic absorption is minimal.
Distribution
9% to 33% protein bound.
IV
CSF concentrations are about 50% of plasma values.
Elimination
The t ½ is 2.5 to 3.3 h. Cl and t ½ are dependent on renal function.
IV
62% to 91% is excreted unchanged in the urine. Cl is 5.1 mL/min/kg.
Special Populations
Renal Function Impairment
Total body Cl and t ½ are dependent on renal function. Dosage adjustment recommended.
Elderly
Increased plasma concentrations. Dosage adjustment may be required.
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