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白色圓扁形錠劑,8mm,DLI DLI

Medical Order Code:
23060

Product Name:
LASIX 口服藥 40MG

Chinese Name:
來適泄

Generic name.:
Furosemide

Dosage form.:
TAB

孕婦用藥分級:
C 級

National Health Insurance Number:
BC225351G0

Medication License:
衛署藥輸字第022535號

仿單下載:

Medication Instruction Sheet:

ATC7 Pharmacological Class:

Structural :

Image:Furosemide.svg

5-(aminosulfonyl)-4-chloro-2-[(2-furanylmethyl)amino]benzoic acid


UpToDate:

Pharmacological Action :
本品作用在亨利氏環肥厚的上行段,抑制鈉和氯的腎小管再吸收,且也會作用在遠端和近端的腎小管,而排出鈉、氯、鉀、氫等離子及其他的電解質,和大量的水。腎血流通常不會受到影響,本品也不會影響到carbonic anhydrase或aldosterone。

Indications.:
利尿、高血壓。

Dosage and Usage:
成人:初劑量—每日1/2~1至2錠。維持劑量—每日1/2~1錠。
嬰幼兒:推薦劑量為每日每公斤體重 2mg,但每日最高劑量不可超過 40mg。

Side Effects:
起立性低血壓(開始治療時),嘔吐、頭痛、視力模糊、耳鳴;較少發生者:胃腸刺激、便秘、身體不適、白血球過少、貧血、蕁麻疹、對光敏感,多發性紅斑、剝落性皮膚炎、壞死性血管炎,虛弱、尿意頻繁、泌尿道膀胱痙攣、血栓靜脈炎。

藥物動力學:

Absorption
Mean bioavailability is 64% with the tablet and 60% with the oral solution.

Distribution
Protein binding is 91% to 99% (albumin).

Metabolism
The major metabolite is furosemide glucuronide.

Elimination
The t 1/ 2 is about 2 h; furosemide is excreted in urine.

Onset
PO 1 h, IV 5 min.

Peak
PO 1 to 2 h, IV 30 min.

Duration
PO 6 to 8 h, IV 2 h.


交互作用:

Aminoglycosides, ethacrynic acid
May increase auditory toxicity. Avoid coadministration.

Antihypertensive agents
Antihypertensive effects may be potentiated. Reduce dose by at least 50% when furosemide is coadministered.

Charcoal
May reduce absorption of furosemide.

Cisplatin
May cause additive ototoxicity.

Digitalis glycosides
Electrolyte disturbances may predispose to digitalis-induced arrhythmias.

Lithium
May increase plasma lithium levels and toxicity. Avoid coadministration.

Norepinephrine
Arterial responsiveness to norepinephrine may be decreased.

NSAIDs
May decrease effects of furosemide.

Phenytoin
May reduce diuretic effects of furosemide.

Salicylates
Because of competition for renal excretion, patients may experience salicylate toxicity. Salicylates may impair diuretic response in patients with cirrhosis and ascites.

Succinylcholine
The effects may be potentiated by furosemide.

Sucralfate
Natriuretic and antihypertensive effects of furosemide may be decreased; separate the administration times by at least 2 h.

Thiazide diuretics
Synergistic effects that may result in profound diuresis and serious electrolyte abnormalities.

Tubocurarine
The skeletal muscle relaxant effect may be antagonized by furosemide.

Incompatibility
Acid solutions including other parenteral medications (eg, labetalol, ciprofloxacin, amrinone, milrinone): do not add to furosemide solution; precipitate forms.


禁忌:
無尿症、肝昏迷、低鉀血症、低鈉血症、脫水、懷孕早期、嬰孩。

Notes:
1. 要知道這類的藥物會造成嚴重的脫水和電解質的排空(特別是老年人或虛弱的病人)可能導致循環虛脫。因此,要以小劑量開始治療,然後根據血清中電解質的濃度和臨床的反應,小心的調整劑量。
2. 要注意病人是否產生電解質不均衡的徵兆(如食慾不振、口乾、口渴、心跳過快、胃腸發生障礙、不安、眩暈、虛弱、倦怠、肌肉疼痛性痙攣),一有發現就要向醫師報告,通常要考慮調整劑量和/或補充電解質(口鉀或鈉)。
3. IV投與時要仔細的監視,太快或過度的利尿,會導致低血容積,低血壓和血管虛脫,要經常的測定血壓。同時要避免注射液外溢,因為這樣通常會造成疼痛和刺激。
4. 糖尿病患者或疑似患者使用本品時,要定期的測定血糖和尿糖,要注意病人的血糖是否增加,或對葡萄糖的耐受性是否改變;如果有所發現,就要向醫師報告。
5. 下列情況使用本品宜小心:肝壞死、糖尿病、痛風、或心源性休克、以及接受毛地黃或排空鉀質之類固醇治療的病人、和老年人等。
6. 投與本品要在早晨為之,最遲為下午,應該避免夜尿和中斷睡眠,要向病人強調按照處方規律服藥的重要性。
7. 於Furosemide治療期間,常發生血中尿酸濃度升高的現象;因此可能使易發病患者的痛風發作。

飲食提示:
1. 為了防止鉀質過度的漏失,可勸告病人服用鉀質補充劑或富含鉀質的食物(如橘子汁或柑橘類的水果,可樂的飲料、香蕉、葡萄乾、牛肉、雞肉、新鮮的魚類、牛奶、乾梅、胡蘿蔔)。
2. 勸告病人避免服用甘草,因為它含有Glycyrrhizic acid,如果大量食用的話,會導致嚴重的低血鉀。

Medication Storage Method:
藥品應置於攝氏 15 ~ 25 度乾燥處所;如發生變質或過期,不可再食用。

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