Vancomycin
(1S,2R,18R,19R,22S,25R,28R,40S)-48-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3-{[(2S,4S,5S,6S)-4-amino-5-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-22-(carbamoylmethyl)-5,15-dichloro-2,18,32,35,37-pentahydroxy-19-[(2R)-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)pentanamido]-20,23,26,42,44-pentaoxo-7,13-dioxa-21,24,27,41,43-pentaazaoctacyclo[26.14.2.23,6.214,17.18,12.129,33.010,25.034,39]pentaconta-3,5,8(48),9,11,14,16,29(45),30,32,34,36,38,46,49-pentadecaene-40-carboxylic acid

一般成人每六小時500mg或每12小時1g，靜脈注射。

Absorption
Poorly absorbed (orally). C max is 63 mcg/mL. T max is 1 h.

Distribution
55% protein bound. Vd is 0.3 to 0.43 L/kg. Distributes to pleural, pericardial, ascitic, and synovial fluids; in urine; in peritoneal dialysis fluid; and atrial appendage tissue.

Metabolism
No apparent metabolism of the drug.

Elimination
Mean t ½ is 4 to 6 h. 75% is excreted in urine by glomerular filtration (in the first 24 h). Mean plasma Cl is 0.058 L/kg/h. Renal Cl is 0.048 L/kg/h.

Special Populations
Renal Function Impairment
Renal function impairment slows excretion of vancomycin in anephric patients, t ½ is 7.5 days.

Elderly
Total systemic and renal Cl may be reduced.

Aminoglycosides
May increase risk of nephrotoxicity.

Neurotoxic and nephrotoxic agents
May give additive toxicity.

Nondepolarizing muscle relaxants
Neuromuscular blockade may be enhanced.

Incompatibility
IV solution is incompatible with alkaline injections.