(8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17R)- 9-Fluoro-11,17-dihydroxy-17- (2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13,16-trimethyl- 6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16- octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren- 3-one
本劑主成分Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate為一種合成腎上腺皮質荷爾蒙，具有強力的消炎作用，用於治療腎上腺皮質荷爾蒙缺乏及各種器官炎症。
Metabolism
Metabolized in the liver by CYP3A4.
Elimination
The t ½ 1.8 to 3.5 h.
Onset
Rapid (injection).
Duration
Short (injection).
Aminoglutethimide
May decrease dexamethasone-induced adrenal suppression.
Amphotericin B
Cardiac enlargement and CHF have been reported.
Anticholinesterases
May antagonize anticholinesterase effects in myasthenia gravis.
Anticoagulants, oral
May alter anticoagulant dose requirements.
Antidiabetic agents
Dexamethasone may increase blood glucose levels, necessitating antidiabetic agent dosage adjustments.
Aprepitant
Dexamethasone plasma levels may be elevated and the t ½ prolonged, increasing the pharmacologic effects and adverse reactions.
Cholestyramine, epinephrine
Dexamethasone plasma levels may be reduced, decreasing the efficacy.
Cyclosporine
Activity of both cyclosporine and dexamethasone may be increased. In addition, convulsions have been reported.
CYP3A4 substrates (eg, erythromycin, indinavir)
Plasma levels may be reduced by dexamethasone, decreasing efficacy.
Digoxin
Because of possible dexamethasone-induced hypokalemia, the risk of arrhythmias may be increased.
Hepatic enzyme inducers (eg, barbiturates, carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampin)
Dexamethasone plasma levels may be reduced, decreasing the efficacy. In addition, seizure control with phenytoin may be altered.
Hepatic enzyme inhibitors (eg, azole antifungal agents [eg, ketoconazole], estrogens [including oral contraceptives], macrolide antibiotics [eg, erythromycin])
Dexamethasone plasma levels may be elevated, increasing the pharmacologic effects and adverse reactions. In addition, ketoconazole can inhibit adrenal corticosteroid synthesis, causing adrenal insufficiency during dexamethasone withdrawal.
NSAIDs, salicylates
Risk of GI adverse reactions may be increased. In addition, salicylate levels and efficacy may be reduced.
Potassium-depleting agents (eg, amphotericin B, loop and thiazide diuretics)
Risk of hypokalemia may be increased.
Thalidomide
Use with caution, toxic epidermal necrolysis has been reported with concurrent use of dexamethasone.
2.具有強度興奮狀態之精神病患，請避免使用。
3.對有胃，十二指腸潰瘍之患者，使用時請特別注意。
4.糖尿病患者，使用時，有增加Insulin 藥量的必要者請注意。
5.因有輕微浮腫及血壓上升之副作用，故對腎臟疾患及高血壓患者，請多加注意。
6.投與本劑時，請充分補充蛋白質。
7.本藥限由醫師使用。
