
sodium 13-methyl-17-oxo-3-sulfonatooxy-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[ a] phenanthrene
結合型雌激素的藥理作用與內生雌激素的藥理作用相似。在受影響的組織中(女性泌尿生殖器官、乳房、下視丘、腦下垂體) ,雌激素進入細胞,並被輸送至細胞核。雌激素的作用結果導致特有的核糖核酸和蛋白質合成發生。
結合型雌激素是水溶性,能被胃腸道充分吸收,代謝與去活性反應主要在肝臟中進行。有些雌激素被分泌到膽汁內,但又會經由腸內的再吸收作用,通過肝門靜脈系統回到肝臟。水溶性結合型雌激素是強酸性的,在體液中呈離子狀態,因此容易通過腎臟排出,因為腎小管再吸收非常少。
給藥說明:
1. 打開軟膏管蓋子。
2. 將塗藥器拴緊在軟膏管嘴上。
3. 壓擠軟管使軟膏依所需劑量壓入塗藥管內。
4. 將塗藥器從軟膏管嘴上移除。
5. 躺下後膝蓋彎曲,然後再將含有藥膏的塗藥器輕輕插入陰道深部,推動推管將藥膏完全推入陰道內。
6. 使用後的塗藥器可將推管及容器管分開,用少許的肥皂和溫水沖洗。切勿使用熱水清洗。
Absorption
Well absorbed from GI tract. The tablets slowly release the drug over several hours.
Distribution
Bound to sex hormone–binding globulin and albumin. Widely distributed and generally found in higher concentration in the sex hormone target organs. Crosses the placenta.
Metabolism
Partially metabolized by CYP3A4. Metabolized in the liver and undergoes enterohepatic recirculation. Estradiol is converted reversibly to estrone, and both can be converted to estriol (major urinary metabolite).
Elimination
Estradiol, estrone, and estriol are excreted in the urine along with glucuronide and sulfate conjugates.
Corticosteroids (eg, prednisone)
Increased pharmacologic and toxicologic effects of corticosteroids may occur.
Hydantoins (eg, phenytoin)
Loss of seizure control or decreased estrogenic effects may occur.
Inducers of CYP3A4 (eg, barbiturates [eg, phenobarbital], bosentan, carbamazepine, modafinil, rifampin, St. John's wort, topiramate)
May reduce plasma estrogens, resulting in a decrease in therapeutic effects and changes in uterine bleeding profile.
Inhibitors of CYP3A4 (eg, azole antifungal agents [eg, itraconazole, ketoconazole], grapefruit juice, macrolide antibiotics [eg, clarithromycin, erythromycin], ritonavir)
May elevate estrogen plasma levels, resulting in increased adverse reactions.
Thyroid hormones (eg, levothyroxine)
Serum free thyroxine concentrations may be decreased, increasing serum thyrotropin concentrations and the need for thyroid hormone.
有下列情形的婦女不可使用:
(1) 已知或懷疑懷孕者。
(2) 未經診斷之不正常生殖道出血者。
(3) 已知,懷疑或過去罹患乳癌者。
(4) 已知或懷疑罹患與雌激素有關之惡性腫瘤者(例如子宮內膜癌、子宮內膜增生)。
(5) 罹患或曾罹患靜脈血栓性栓塞(例如深層靜脈栓塞、肺栓塞)。
(6) 罹患或最近罹患動脈栓塞疾病(例如中風、心肌梗塞)。
(7) 患有肝臟功能不全或疾病者(當肝功能無法回復正常者)。
(8) 對於會引起過敏反應之病患也不可使用。
使用本品考慮到與口服雌激素治療有關的警語、注意事項及不良反應。



